目的　提高病毒性脑炎MRI影像诊断的准确性。方法　筛选临床诊治 38例病毒性脑炎的MRI影像学资料 ,均加做快速液体衰减反转恢复 (FLAIR)检查 ,其中 2 4例行增强扫描。结果　脑内有多发病灶 2 8例 ,单发病灶 10例 ,主要位于皮层、皮层下及侧脑室周围白质。MRI上呈长T1长T2 信号 ,增强扫描中 13例呈不规则不均匀斑片状强化及类环形强化。结论　头颅MRI有助于病毒性脑炎的早期诊断。 Objective To improve the accuracy of MRI diagnosis of viral encephalitis. METHODS: Thirty-eight cases of viral encephalitis were screened by MRI, all of whom were performed FLAIR examination. Forty-four patients underwent enhanced scan. Results There were 28 cases of multiple lesions in the brain and 10 cases of single lesions, mainly located in the cortex, subcortex and periventricular white matter. MRI showed long T1 long T2 signal enhancement scan in 13 cases were irregular uneven patch-like enhancement and ring-like enhancement. Conclusion Head MRI is helpful for the early diagnosis of viral encephalitis.