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目的分析鉴定安徽省近十年的遗传性与非遗传性因素所致的病残儿出生缺陷的种类,为出生缺陷防治工作提供科学依据。方法现场体检、辅助检查、鉴定医生对疾病做出鉴定结论。结果鉴定病残儿病例为6 021例,男性为5 109例,占84.9%;女性为912例,占15.1%。非遗传性疾病为4 619例,遗传性疾病为1 412例。非遗传性疾病中,神经肌肉系统所占比重最大,其中脑瘫和癫痫分别为951例和440例,大脑发育不全占397例,位居第三。遗传疾病中,以心血管疾病所占比重最大,其中先天性心脏病为472例,在遗传疾病中位居首位。结论病残儿中男性多于女性,神经肌肉系统占非遗传性疾病比重最大,先天性心脏病在遗传性疾病中居首位。
Objective To analyze and identify the types of birth defects caused by hereditary and non-hereditary factors in Anhui Province in recent ten years, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of birth defects. Methods On-the-spot physical examination, auxiliary examination, identification of doctors to identify the conclusions of the disease. Results The number of disabled children was 6 021 cases, 5 109 cases were male, accounting for 84.9%; 912 were female, accounting for 15.1%. 4 619 non-genetic diseases and 1 412 hereditary diseases. Among non-genetic diseases, the neuromuscular system accounted for the largest proportion, with 951 cases of cerebral palsy and 440 cases of epilepsy, and 397 cases of cerebral hypoplasia, ranking the third. Among the genetic diseases, cardiovascular diseases accounted for the largest proportion, of which 472 were congenital heart diseases and the highest among genetic diseases. Conclusion There are more males than females in disabled children, neuromuscular system accounts for the largest proportion of non-genetic diseases, and congenital heart disease ranks first in genetic diseases.