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人类对月球进行科学探测的半个多世纪以来,经历了第一次探月高潮、探月相对宁静期和第二次探月高潮3个阶段,对月探测技术也经历了飞越月球、环绕月球、硬着陆、软着陆、无人采样返回以及载人登月的发展,水平不断提高。在全月地形探测、构造特征认识以及资源探测上有了许多重大进步,但仍主要集中在月球表层及次表层。从对月探测技术和研究两方面回顾了月球探测的发展历程,并根据目前中国“嫦娥一号”和“嫦娥二号”绕月探测的新技术和其他国家的月球探测情况,在探测手段和研究内容等方面对未来月球探测进行了展望。
For more than half a century since humanity conducted scientific exploration on the moon, it has experienced the first lunar month, the relative tranquility of lunar exploration and the second lunar orgasm. The lunar exploration technology has also undergone overflight and lunar orbit over the moon , A hard landing, a soft landing, the return of unmanned samples and the development of manned lunches, the level is constantly rising. There have been many major advances in terrain exploration, tectonic recognition and resource exploration in the whole month but it is still mainly focused on the surface and subsurface of the moon. The paper reviews the development of lunar exploration from the aspects of lunar exploration technology and research. Based on the new technologies of lunar exploration probed by China’s Chang’e One and Chang’e II and other countries, Prospects of future lunar exploration are prospected in terms of exploration methods and research contents.