多震相走时和波形三维地震成像方法及在朝鲜半岛和祁连山地壳结构研究的应用

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本项成果包括:提出天然地震走时反演层析成像技术,采用下列方法使得处理结果得以改善:1)利用Pg,Sg,Pm,Sm,Pn,Sn等震相增大约束条件;2)用己有精度较高的人工地震测深结果作速度约束;3)用波形反演来修改模型,把波源,介质吸收,散射等全部物理特征集中反映在记录中,把诸多物理量开发出来互为约束,以修改后的模型再作反演,使解的稳定性大大提高;4)采用最优化过程,选择遗传算法。可以进行震源定位,走时反演,波形反演;5)得到任意深度的速度分布及从地表到Moho面的速度剖面。主要应用结果:对于朝鲜半岛南部,划分为5(沿纬度)*6(沿经度)*8(沿深度)块,对于中部分288块.得到从地表到M面的8个水平切面;中部地区沿纬度13个二维剖面及其Moho面深度分布。上述方法也用于祁连山中东段地壳三维结构成像,加上地震台网数字记录,反演。该区属塔里木-阿拉善地块走廊过渡带与北祁连褶皱带;从剖面可看出该地块上地壳低速层厚,下地壳有一低速层。北祁连褶皱带盆地与隆起构造之间的起伏差异,显示古浪断裂与金强河断裂之间的深部差异与界线。两地区的结果表明,这些剖面对认识大地构造、地质结构的稳定性,深部事件的性质是很有益的,对地球动力? The results of this study include the following aspects: 1) Propose a natural seismic traveltime inversion tomography technique to improve the processing results by using the following methods: 1) increasing the constraint conditions with Pg, Sg, Pm, Sm, Pn, The results of artificial seismic sounding with higher accuracy have been speed constrained. 3) The waveform inversion has been used to modify the model. All the physical characteristics such as wave source, medium absorption and scattering are concentrated in the record, and many physical quantities are developed and constrained , With the modified model and then inverted, so that the stability of the solution greatly improved; 4) using the optimization process, select the genetic algorithm. You can locate the source, travel time inversion, waveform inversion; 5) to get any depth velocity distribution and velocity profile from the surface to Moho surface. Main application results: For the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, divide into 5 (along the latitude) * 6 (along the longitude) * 8 (along the depth) blocks and 288 for the middle part. Obtained from the surface to the M-level 8 horizontal section; the central region along the latitude 13 two-dimensional section and its Moho surface depth distribution. The above method is also used for 3D crustal imaging in the middle and east Qilian Mountains, together with the seismographic network digital recording and inversion. The area belongs to the transitional zone of Tarim-Alxa block corridor and the North Qilian fold belt. It can be seen from the profile that the lower crust of the block has a low velocity and the lower crust has a low-velocity layer. The differences between the North Qilian fold belt basin and the uplift structure show the deep differences and boundaries between the Gulang fault and the Jinqianghe fault. The results of the two regions show that these sections are very useful for understanding the geotectonic structure, the stability of the geological structure, and the nature of deep events.
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