严复从翻译的实践中提出:“译事三难:信、达、雅”。后人以此为翻译的标准。许多年之后,人们发现信达雅三者不能俱有,因求雅则未能取信,因求信反不能达,达与雅之间,也时有矛盾。于是不少学者认为,信达雅的要求是一个带范畴性的原则。如许崇信同志在他的“文化交流与翻译”(见上海《外国语》1991年第1期)一文中指出,翻译工作的目的和特点是思想文化交流。翻译过程中要善于“存异求同”,既尊重别人又尊重自己,在文化翻译中,采用“入乡随俗”的原则无助于达到互相交流,互相理解的目的,有时适得其反。他说,在文化翻译中求同存异都不容易,有时还要在两极之间作出某种合理的“折衷”——折衷意味着有所牺牲,这就是翻译中无可奈何地要付出代价。 Yan Fu put forward from the practice of translation: “Translator three difficulties: letter, up, elegant.” Future generations as a translation of the standard. Many years later, people found that Xindaya could not have one, because Yaya failed to gain the trust, because the letter and the anti-reliance could not be reached, and between Ya and sometimes contradictions. So many scholars believe that the letter of Ya’s request is a principle with a category. As Comrade Xu Chongxin pointed out in his article “Cultural Exchanges and Translation” (see Shanghai Foreign Language, No. 1, 1991), the purpose and characteristics of the translation work are ideological and cultural exchanges. In the process of translation, we should be good at “seeking common ground while reserving differences.” We should respect others and respect ourselves. In cultural translation, adopting the principle of “turning to the roost as the hometown” does not help achieve the purpose of mutual understanding and mutual understanding, sometimes counterproductive. He said it is not easy to find common ground while reserving differences in cultural translation. Sometimes it is necessary to make some reasonable “compromise” between the two poles - compromise means sacrifice. This is the price that translation can not help but pay.