目的了解北京市房山区青少年对烟草的认知情况,分析其烟草使用的影响因素,为今后开展青少年人群控烟工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,通过多阶段整群抽样,抽取北京市房山区7所中小学34个班级1 255名学生,以匿名自填问卷方式对其进行调查。结果北京市房山区青少年尝试吸烟率为12.35%,现在吸烟率为11.87%,男高于女,不同学段依次递增;49.72%的青少年暴露于二手烟;对吸烟和二手烟危害的认识女生高于男生,高中生低于小学生和初中生;对烟草使用行为的态度中,42.39%的青少年选择“劝他们把烟戒掉”的积极应对方式;85.94%的青少年认为自己长大后“肯定不会”吸烟;65.48%及以上的尝试吸烟的青少年对于戒烟持积极态度,且90.14%的青少年得到过戒烟的帮助建议。结论北京市房山区青少年尝试吸烟率较低,但吸烟现状不容乐观,需继续加强重点人群的控烟宣传教育,借力《北京市控制吸烟条例》,采取有效措施为青少年营造无烟氛围。 Objective To understand the cognition of tobacco in Fangshan District of Beijing and to analyze the influential factors of tobacco use in order to provide a scientific basis for future tobacco control among adolescents. Methods By means of descriptive method, 1 255 students from 34 classes in 7 primary and secondary schools in Fangshan District of Beijing were sampled by multistage cluster sampling and investigated by anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results Adolescents in Fangshan District of Beijing tried smoking at a rate of 12.35%. The current smoking rate was 11.87%. The male was higher than the female, followed by different semesters. 49.72% of adolescents were exposed to secondhand smoke. The awareness of smoking and secondhand smoke was high Among boys and high school students, they were lower than those of primary school students and junior high school students; 42.39% of young people chose “to persuade them to quit smoking” in their attitudes toward tobacco use behavior; 85.94% of young people think they grew up “Certainly not” cigarettes; 65.48% of those who attempted smoking were positive about smoking cessation, and 90.14% of adolescents got advice about smoking cessation. Conclusion Adolescents in Fangshan District of Beijing tried smoking at a relatively low rate, but the current smoking situation was not optimistic. Publicity and education on tobacco control among key populations should be strengthened. The Beijing Regulation on Smoking Control should be leveled and effective measures should be taken to create a smoke-free atmosphere for young people.