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骨肉瘤(Osteosarcoma)是起源于骨骼的恶性肿瘤,好发于青少年的长骨干骺端,最多见于膝关节上下,发病率约为2～3例/百万人口。其恶性程度高,不仅局部侵袭性强,而且易于发生转移。在过去近百年时间里,单纯截肢一直是标准治疗,然而疗效非常差。最近30年,骨肉瘤的诊断和治疗都取得了很大的进展,诊断技术手段增多,疗效大为改善,并且截肢术逐渐被保肢术取代。本文就骨肉瘤的诊疗进展和现状综述如下。
Osteosarcoma (Osteosarcoma) is a malignant tumor originating in the bones. It occurs in the metaphysis of the long bones of young people. It occurs mostly in the upper and lower knees. The incidence is about 2-3 cases per million. Its high degree of malignancy, not only locally invasive, but also prone to metastasis. In the past nearly 100 years, simply amputation has been the standard treatment, but the effect is very poor. In the recent 30 years, great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma. The number of diagnostic techniques is increased and the curative effect is greatly improved. Amputation is gradually replaced by limb salvage surgery. This article on the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma and its status are summarized below.