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研究了交替隔沟灌溉(AFI)、常规沟灌(CFI)、固定隔沟灌溉(FFI)下棉花的水氮耦合效应,施氮量和灌水量采用二次通用旋转组合设计,进行大田小区沟灌试验.结果表明:在施氮量56.2～95.2kgN·hm-2范围内,棉花产量与施氮量呈显著正相关,在施氮量95.2～134.2kg N·hm-2范围内变化不明显;在灌水量37.52～160.00mm范围内,棉花产量与灌水量呈显著正相关,在灌水量160.00～218.48mm范围内变化不明显;不同施氮量和灌水量情况下,AFI与CFI的产量差异不显著,CFI平均比FFI高9.15%.在56.2～122.8kgN·hm-2范围内,棉花水分利用效率(WUE)与施氮量呈显著正相关,在122.8～134.2kgN·hm-2范围内变化不明显;在灌水量37.52～160.00mm范围内,棉花WUE与灌水量呈显著负相关,在灌水量160.00～218.48mm范围内,棉花WUE无明显变化;不同施氮量和灌水量情况下,CFI与AFI的WUE差异不显著,CFI平均比FFI高9.01%.施氮量56.2～134.2kgN·hm-2范围内,棉花氮素利用效率(NUE)与施氮量呈显著负相关;在灌水量37.52～160.00mm范围内,棉花NUE与灌水量呈显著正相关,在160.00～218.48mm范围内变化明显;不同施氮量和灌水量情况下,AFI与CFI的NUE差异不显著,FFI则平均比CFI低6.34%.根据大田沟灌棉花的水氮耦合效应,以棉花产量、WUE、NUE的优化管理为目标,提出了不同沟灌方式水氮高效利用策略.
The effect of irrigation and furrow irrigation (AFI), conventional furrow irrigation (CFI) and fixed furrow irrigation (FFI) on water and nitrogen coupling effect, nitrogen application rate and irrigation amount were studied. The furrow irrigation experiment The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between cotton yield and nitrogen application rate in the range of 56.2 ~ 95.2kgN · hm-2, and no significant change in the range of 95.2 ~ 134.2kgN · hm-2. Within the range of 37.52 ~ 160.00mm, there was a significant positive correlation between cotton yield and irrigation volume, but there was no obvious change in irrigation volume between 160.00 ~ 218.48mm. The yield of AFI and CFI was not significantly different under different nitrogen and irrigation levels , And CFI averaged 9.15% higher than FFI. In the range of 56.2 ~ 122.8kgN · hm-2, there was a significant positive correlation between WUE and N application rate, and no significant change in the range of 122.8 ~ 134.2kgN · hm-2 Obviously; within the range of 37.52 ~ 160.00mm, there was a significant negative correlation between the WUE and the amount of irrigation. There was no significant change in the WUE of cotton in the range of 160.00 ~ 218.48mm. Under the condition of different amount of nitrogen and irrigation, The WUE difference of AFI was not significant, and CFI was 9.01% higher than FFI on average. The range of nitrogen application rate was 56.2 ~ 134.2kgN · hm-2 , NUE of cotton was negatively correlated with N application rate. In the range of 37.52 ~ 160.00mm, the cotton NUE was positively correlated with the irrigation volume, and varied significantly in the range of 160.00 ~ 218.48mm. The NUE of AFI and CFI was not significantly different, but FFI was 6.34% lower than that of CFI on average. According to the coupling effects of water and nitrogen in cotton field, the paper proposed the optimal management of cotton yield, WUE and NUE Strategies of Efficient Utilization of Water and Nitrogen under Different Furrow Irrigation Methods.