消化道,尤其是结肠中的复杂微生物群落对于保持肠道稳态有至关重要的作用。但是,近年有研究报道,微生物群落与西方国家主要死因——结直肠癌的发生有关。其机制复杂且尚未完全阐明,但两者的关联被越来越多地证实。肠道微生物群落在结直肠癌的发生和发展中的作用机制有多方面不同的解释:如微生物群落诱导肠道慢性炎症状态、合成影响细胞周期的基因毒素、生产有毒代谢产物、杂环胺激活致癌化合物等。今后尚需更多基于人类和动物模型的研究来进一步解释微生物 The complex microbial community in the digestive tract, especially the colon, is crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. However, in recent years, studies have reported that the microbial community is associated with the occurrence of colorectal cancer, the leading cause of death in western countries. The mechanism is complex and not yet fully elucidated, but the correlation between the two is increasingly confirmed. Intestinal microflora in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer mechanism in many ways, such as: microbial communities induced intestinal chronic inflammatory state, the synthesis of cell cycle affecting the genotoxins, the production of toxic metabolites, heterocyclic amine activation Carcinogenic compounds. Further research based on human and animal models is needed to further explain the microorganisms in the future