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早熟棉遗传多样性研究是早熟棉遗传改良的基础,对培育早熟棉新品种有重要意义。为了进一步改善现有早熟棉品种的早熟性,为早熟棉育种的亲本组配提供依据,利用35对SSR分子标记,对来自不同地区的83份早熟抗虫棉种质进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,筛选出的22对多态性引物共扩增出30条多态性条带。NTSYS-pc2.11的遗传多样性分析表明,83份材料的相似系数变化为0.73~0.98,当遗传相似系数为0.73时,将83份棉花早熟材料分为两大类。第Ⅰ类群包含59个材料,第Ⅱ类群包含24个材料。表明我国早熟棉遗传基础比较狭窄,今后育种中要选用亲缘关系较远的材料作为杂交亲本,创制新的早熟棉种质资源。
Genetic diversity of precocious cotton is the basis of genetic improvement of precocious cotton, which is of great significance to cultivate new cotton variety. In order to further improve the precocity of precocious cotton varieties and provide the basis for parental breeding of precocious cotton varieties, the genetic diversity of 83 germplasms of precocious cotton germplasm from different regions was analyzed by using 35 pairs of SSR markers. The results showed that a total of 30 polymorphic bands were amplified by screening 22 pairs of polymorphic primers. The analysis of genetic diversity of NTSYS-pc2.11 showed that the similarity coefficients of 83 cultivars changed from 0.73 to 0.98. When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.73, 83 cultivars were divided into two groups. Group I contains 59 materials, Group II contains 24 materials. The results showed that the genetic basis of early maturity cotton in our country is relatively narrow. In the future breeding, we should choose the more distantly related materials as hybrid parents to create new cotton germplasm resources.