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一、管理心理学的对象、任务和方法管理是人类活动的特殊形式。在企业管理中有两个方面的管理对象,一个方面是管理劳动工具和劳动过程,即管物的方面,属于技术、经济方面的管理;另一个方面是人对人的管理,即管人的方面,属于人的方面的管理。前者主要涉及的问题是人和机器的关系,即人一机关系,属于工程心理学、工效学研究的课题,主要研究如何使人适应机器的特点和使机器适应人的心理、生理特点,以提高劳动生产率。后者主要涉及的问题是人和人的关系,即人—人关系,强调如何最大限度地调动人的积极性,最终达到提高企业劳动生产率的目的,这是管理心理学研究的课题。
I. Management Psychology Objects, Tasks, and Methods Management is a special form of human activity. There are two aspects of management in business management. One aspect is the management of labor tools and labor processes, that is, the aspect of management, which belongs to the management of technology and economy; the other is the management of people-to-people, that is, the management of personnel. The aspect belongs to the management of human aspects. The former is mainly concerned with the relationship between humans and machines, that is, human-machine relations. It belongs to the subject of engineering psychology and ergonomics research. It mainly studies how to adapt people to machine characteristics and adapt the machine to human psychological and physiological characteristics. Improve labor productivity. The latter is mainly concerned with the relationship between human beings and human beings, namely, the human-human relationship, emphasizing how to mobilize people’s enthusiasm to the greatest extent, and ultimately achieve the goal of improving the labor productivity of enterprises. This is the subject of research in management psychology.