本文用统计方法研究了甘兰型油菜品种奥罗、青油6号和小塔菜在黄羊镇干旱条件下的开花习性,得出了下列结论:三品种播种至开花日数平均为66.60±1.98,全株开花日数为20.00±0.74,5花序开花数为233.60±76.12,品种间差异显著或极显著;奥罗和青油6号在开花后第6—11天之间开花最多,占统计总数60.69％和56.28％,而小塔菜的开花高峰要比前者落后约5天,三品种均有两个开花高峰,这可能与营养调节有关;在一天内,三品种在8—11时开花占全天总数50—60％;三品种开花的适宜温度为22—22.9℃,相对湿度为56—58.9％,比在南方栽培的油菜前者为高,后者为低;开花一般从主序开始,往下各一级枝序依次开放,但也有上下枝序同时开放或上枝序落后于下枝序的例外情况;开花数一般以主序为多,往下各一级枝序依次减少:各花序日均开花数约为4.0,品种间差异不显著,这个指数我们拟定为蕾令指数用于确定蕾令或花令;在一天内花蕾开裂愈早的,从开裂至完全开放所需时间愈短,上午10时前开裂的花蕾到完全开放约需7.5—8.5个小时,10时以后开裂的花蕾则要在第二天上午才能开放。对所有观察数据均进行了相应的统计学处理。所得结论对河西灌区油菜开花期间田间管理及对在该地区进行油菜杂交育种和杂种优势利利用具有一定指导意义。 In this paper, the flowering habits of Oryza sativa, Oryza sativa 6 and Xiaotaicao were studied under the drought conditions in Huangyang Town by statistical methods. The following conclusions were drawn: the average number of flowering days of three varieties sown to 66.60 ± 1.98 , The number of flowering days was 20.00 ± 0.74, the number of inflorescences was 233.60 ± 76.12, and the difference was significant or extremely significant among the cultivars. Oruo and Qingyou 6 had the most flowering between the 6th and 11th days after flowering, accounting for the total number 60.69% and 56.28% respectively. However, the flowering peak of the small tower was about 5 days behind the former, and both of the three varieties had the peak of flowering. This may be related to the regulation of nutrition. In one day, the flowering of three varieties at 8-11 The total number of the whole day was 50-60%. The suitable temperature for flowering of three varieties was 22-22.9 ℃ and the relative humidity was 56-58.9%, which was higher than that of the rape cultivated in the south, the latter was low. Flowering usually started from the main sequence, The next order of the orderly branches open in turn, but there are also the upper and lower branches at the same time opening up or falling behind the branches under the order of the exception; flowering numbers are generally more than the main order, down in turn the order of each branch in order: each inflorescence The average number of flowering is 4.0, the difference between varieties is not significant, this index we draw as The index is used to determine buds or flower orders; the earlier the buds are cracked in one day, the shorter the time from cracking to complete opening, the buds cracking before 10 am to about 7.5-8.5 hours of full opening, 10 After the cracking of buds will be the next morning to open. All the observed data were statistically analyzed. The conclusion is helpful to the field management of rape in flowering period in Hexi Irrigation Area and to the rapeseed breeding and heterosis utilization in this area.