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【目的】评价营养干预对浦东新区小学生的影响效果,为探讨改善小学生营养状况的方法提供依据。【方法】抽取浦东新区城区和乡镇地区小学各两所小学生1 493人,按所在的地域分别分为干预组和对照组,对干预组开展为期1年的营养干预,并对干预效果进行评估。【结果】营养干预后,城乡地区干预组小学生营养知识知晓率明显提高(P<0.05);营养态度有所提高;营养行为较干预前提高,城区干预组吃早餐和锻炼人数比例高于对照组;乡镇干预组睡前不吃零食和锻炼人数比例高于对照组,以甜饮料解渴和偏食人数比例低于对照组,以上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。城乡地区干预组小学生营养不良得到改善;城区干预组超重和肥胖得到控制;乡镇地区干预组超重和肥胖上升趋势较对照组有所减缓。【结论】营养干预能提高小学生营养知识知晓率,改善营养行为,控制学生超重及肥胖人数比例。
【Objective】 To evaluate the effect of nutrition intervention on primary school students in Pudong New Area, and to provide evidence for improving the nutritional status of primary school students. 【Method】 A total of 1 493 primary school students from urban and rural areas of Pudong New Area were selected and divided into intervention group and control group according to geographical area. One-year nutritional intervention was conducted on the intervention group and the effect of intervention was evaluated. 【Results】 The nutritional awareness of pupils in intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group (P <0.05) after nutritional intervention. Nutritional attitudes were improved. Nutritional behaviors were improved before intervention. The proportion of eating breakfast and exercising in urban intervention group was higher than that of control group ; Township intervention group did not eat snacks and exercise before going to bed was higher than the proportion of the control group to sweet drinks to quench their thirst and the proportion of the proportion of partial eclipse less than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Malnutrition among primary school students in urban and rural areas was improved; overweight and obesity in urban intervention group were controlled; and overweight and obesity in rural intervention group were slower than those in control group. 【Conclusion】 Nutritional intervention can improve nutrition awareness among primary school students, improve nutritional behavior, and control the proportion of overweight and obese students.