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目的了解河北省2001~2004年脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗病毒阳性株急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例的流行病学特征,为巩固无脊灰成果提供对策。方法分析全省AFP病例监测系统上报的个案调查表、随访表和病毒学检测结果。结果河北省2001~2004年共分离出脊灰病毒(PV)177株,经鉴定均为疫苗病毒;177例PV阳性AFP病例散在分布11个市、101县(区、市,下同),占全省总县数的57.1%;各月均有AFP病例,≤2岁病例占86.4%;未免疫或未全程免疫病例中≤1岁儿童占70.3%;177株PV型别差异明显,Ⅱ型占优势;麻痹伴发热占72.9%,60d后随访仍残留麻痹病例占47.4%。结论继续提高口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(OPV)接种率,保持AFP病例监测的敏感性,及时发现可能的输入脊灰野病毒和疫苗衍生脊灰病毒,是维持无脊灰状态的有效措施。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases of poliomyelitis (poliovirus) -positive strains in Hebei Province from 2001 to 2004 and to provide countermeasures for consolidating the results of polio-free polio. Methods The case reports, follow-up tables and virological tests reported by the province’s AFP case surveillance system were analyzed. Results A total of 177 poliovirus (PV) strains were isolated in Hebei Province from 2001 to 2004, and all of them were identified as vaccine viruses. A total of 177 cases of PV-positive AFP were scattered in 11 cities and 101 counties (districts, cities and the same below) 57.1% of the total counties in the province, AFP cases in each month, 86.4% of cases ≤2 years old, 70.3% of children ≤1 years in uninjured or incomplete immunization cases, 177 PV genotypes were significantly different, Predominant; paralysis with fever accounted for 72.9%, 60d after follow-up remained paralysis cases accounted for 47.4%. Conclusions Continuing to improve the vaccination rate of live attenuated oral poliomyelitis (OPV) and maintain the sensitivity of AFP surveillance and timely detection of possible enterovirus and vaccine-derived poliovirus is an effective measure to maintain polio-free status.