自1911年首先为花粉症患者应用脱敏疗法以提高对“花粉毒”的免疫性以来,一直认为花粉提取液应通过注射途径给药。由于逐渐了解到注射变应原可能发生的危险,1920年以后就试图通过别的途径给药,如鼻局部应用或口服。继续谋求其他给药途径的目的在于避免或减少发生过敏反应的危险性和增进临床效果。有关口服免疫疗法虽曾有过一些乐观的报道,但直到最近才有令人信服的对照试验结果。Taudorf等报道了桦花粉肠溶胶囊口服治疗花 Since the first application of desensitization therapy to patients with hay fever in 1911 to increase the immunity to “pollinosis”, it has been believed that the pollen extract should be administered by the injection route. As a result of the gradual understanding of the possible dangers of injecting allergens, attempts have been made since 1920 to administer by other routes, such as topical nasal application or oral administration. The purpose of continuing to seek other routes of administration is to avoid or reduce the risk of developing an allergic reaction and to improve the clinical outcome. Although there have been some optimistic reports of oral immunotherapy, there has been no convincing comparison test to date. Taudorf et al reported birch powder enteric-coated oral treatment of flowers