论文部分内容阅读
目的对云南青少年烟酒滥用作流行病学调查，为社区干预提供依据。方法采用匿名编码定势问卷法，对整群随机抽取的28所中学3595名初高中生（男1844人、女1751人），进行了烟酒使用行为、认知、动机、场景的调查。结果其中1013人吸过烟，分别占抽样男女的42．25％和13．42％；偶吸、每周吸、每日吸的男女生为16．87％和2．74％、18％和9．42％、7．38％和1．26％。饮过酒、饮酒≥1次/月、≥1次／周、曾醉酒一次以上者占总体的57．44％、36．55％、3．39％和30．83％。少数民族学生、男生既往醉酒率高达42．81％和41．11％。烟酒使用的广度和频度存在随年级上升的趋势，并有男＞女、少数民族＞汉、乡＞城、非重点中学＞重点的显著性差异。青少年烟酒滥用危险因素分析表明，对烟酒危害缺乏认识、家人使用烟酒及民俗、好奇从众、伙伴压力，是青少年烟酒滥用的危险因素。结论云南青少年烟酒滥用情况严重，尤以少数民族、乡村、男生为著。开展针对危险因素的综合性社区干预已势在必行。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological investigation of abuse of tobacco and alcohol among Yunnan adolescents and provide basis for community intervention. Methods A total of 3595 primary and secondary high school students (1844 males and 1751 females) from 28 middle schools randomly selected from the group were surveyed using the anonymous coding method. The behavior, cognition, motivation and scene were investigated. Results Among them, 1013 smoked cigarettes, accounting for 42.25% and 13.42% of the sampled men and women respectively; 16.87% and 2.74%, 18% and 9.42%, 7.38% and 1.26%. Drinking alcohol, drinking ≥ 1 times / month, ≥ 1 times / week, once drunk more than those who account for the overall 57.44%, 36.55%, 3.39% and 30.83%. Minority students, boys drunk rates up to 42.81% and 41.11%. The breadth and frequency of the use of tobacco and alcohol tended to increase with the grade, and there were significant differences in emphasis between men and women and ethnic minorities> Han and Xiang> cities and non-key middle schools. Adolescents abuse of alcohol and tobacco risk factors analysis shows that the lack of understanding of the dangers of alcohol and tobacco, tobacco and alcohol and folklore family members, curious followers, peer pressure, is a risk factor for adolescent abuse of alcohol and tobacco. Conclusions The abuse of alcohol and tobacco in Yunnan youth is serious, especially for ethnic minorities, villages and boys. It is imperative to carry out comprehensive community interventions on risk factors.