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目的和方法：用异羟基洋地黄毒苷配基－１１－ｄＵＴＰ随机引物延伸法分别标记肾综合征出血热（ＨＦＲＳ）汉坦株病毒Ｍ与ＳＲＮＡ全片段ｃＤＮＡ作为探针，用核酸原位分子杂交法检测某动物所一批大鼠ＨＦＲＳ病毒的隐性感染及病毒ＲＮＡ的组织细胞定位和分布．结果：９８只大鼠中８８只病毒ＲＮＡ阳性，阳性率８９．７９％，阳性率最高的脏器是肝脏７９／８５，其次为心脏２２／８３，再次为肾脏１４／７９，其余脏器阳性率较低．阳性部位主要在各脏器的实质细胞胞浆内，呈细颗粒状，未见于核内．结论：结果说明本批大鼠ＨＦＲＳ病毒隐性感染率极高；大鼠ＨＦＲＳ病毒ＲＮＡ的阳性检出率明显高于同批大鼠病毒抗原和血清抗体的阳性检出率，说明原位分子杂交检测病毒ＲＮＡ对确定动物病毒隐性感染具有重要的流行病学意义．病毒ＲＮＡ主要存在于肝脏，提示肝脏可能是病毒的主要潜伏部位，病毒可能主要由粪便排除．
Objective and Methods: Digoxigenin-11-dUTP random primer extension method was used to label the full-length cDNA of M and S RNA of hantavirus isolated from HFRS. Hybridization method was used to detect the recessive infection of HFRS virus in a group of rats and the location and distribution of virus RNA in the tissue cells. Results: 88 of 98 rats were positive for RNA, with a positive rate of 89.79%. The highest positive rate was found in 79/85 of the liver, 22/83 of the heart, 14/79 of the kidney again, and the other organs were positive Lower rate. Positive parts mainly in the cytoplasm of the parenchyma of various organs, was fine granular, not found in the nucleus. Conclusions: The results showed that the rate of latent infection of HFRS virus in this batch of rats was extremely high. The positive detection rate of HFRS virus RNA in rats was significantly higher than that of the same rat antigens and serum antibodies, indicating that in situ molecular hybridization Detection of viral RNA has important epidemiological significance for the determination of latent infection in animal viruses. Viral RNA is mainly found in the liver, suggesting that the liver may be the major latent site of the virus and that the virus may be predominantly excreted.