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文章运用马克思的“实践的唯物主义”的基本理论，论述了文艺的客观性、主观性和文艺的主体性、客体性这两对范畴的相互关系，分析了机械唯物主义文艺观和主观唯心主义文艺现在理论上的失误，强调我国文艺学的现代化既要坚持唯物论，又要注重辩证法。
The article uses the basic theory of Marx’s “Practical Materialism” to discuss the relationship between the objectivity and subjectivity of literature and art and the subjectivity and objectivity of literature and art, and analyzes the relationship between the literary and art view of mechanical materialism and subjective idealism Literature and art now make mistakes in theory, stressing that the modernization of Chinese literature and art should adhere to materialism and dialectics.