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围填海工程对近海生态系统的影响一直是生态学和生态经济学领域广泛关注的焦点。运用直接市场法和替代性市场法(如市场价值法、影子工程法、碳税法、替代成本法、成果参照法等,第Ⅰ类方法)、条件价值评估法(第Ⅱ类方法)两类方法,选取江苏省连云港市海滨新区和南通市通州区滨海新区两个典型的围填海工程为案例,从潮滩湿地生态系统服务功能视角进行了围填海工程生态环境价值损失评估。结果表明:(1)两个典型案例第Ⅰ类方法的评估结果分别为0.818 2×108元/a和0.696 2×108元/a;(2)第Ⅱ类方法的评估结果分别为1.273 9×108元/a和1.186 0×108元/a;(3)用两类方法的评估结果作为生态环境损失值区间,可以提高评估结果的准确性。研究结果可为围填海工程生态补偿标准和生态补偿政策制定提供参考。
The impact of reclamation projects on coastal ecosystems has been the focus of much attention in the field of ecology and ecological economics. Using the direct market method and the alternative market method (such as the market value method, the shadow engineering method, the carbon tax method, the alternative cost method, the result reference method, etc.), the conditional value assessment method (the second method) Taking two typical reclamation projects in Binhai New Area, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province and Binzhou New Area, Tongzhou District, Nantong City, as examples, the assessment of ecological value loss of reclamation projects was conducted from the perspective of ecosystem service of the wetlands. The results show that: (1) The evaluation results of the first class of two typical cases are 0.818 2 × 108 yuan / a and 0.696 2 × 108 yuan / a, respectively; (2) The results of the second class method are 1.273 9 × 108 yuan / a and 1.186 0 × 108 yuan / a; (3) Using the assessment results of two kinds of methods as the interval value of ecological environment loss can improve the accuracy of assessment results. The results can provide reference for ecological compensation standard and ecological compensation policy of reclamation project.