论文部分内容阅读
为探讨不同磷肥用量对菜稻轮作土壤磷肥利用率的影响,在莆田市开展了秋季小白菜-冬春季胡萝卜—春夏季早稻轮作制的2年重复田间试验。结果表明,在有效磷含量为57.5 mg L-1的菜田上,施磷量与小白菜和胡萝卜产量、磷肥后效与早稻产量均呈现抛物线型关系;经济施磷量为小白菜和胡萝卜施P2O590 kg hm-2和早稻不施肥,一个轮作周期的净增收比其他施磷水平提高22.3%～47.6%。在经济施磷量下,磷肥利用率从两季蔬菜连作的20.1%提高到菜—菜—稻轮作的29.7%;土壤有效磷含量则从两季蔬菜连作的55.2 mg L-1降低到菜—菜—稻轮作的41.6 mg L-1,为胡萝卜收获时的75.4%,只有基础土壤有效磷含量的72.4%。因此,菜—菜—稻轮作结合经济施磷肥是提高磷肥利用率和降低菜田磷素积累的有效方法。
In order to investigate the effect of different amount of phosphate fertilizer on phosphorus uptake by paddy rice rotation, a 2-year field trial was conducted in Putian city of autumn cabbage-winter-spring carrot-spring-summer hybrid rice. The results showed that there was a parabolic relationship between the phosphorus application rate and the yield of cabbage and carrot, the aftertreatment effect of phosphate fertilizer and the yield of early rice in the field with available phosphorus content of 57.5 mg L-1. The phosphorus application rate was P2O590 of Chinese cabbage and carrot kg hm-2 and no-fertilization in early rice, the net income of one rotation cycle increased by 22.3% -47.6% than that of other phosphorus application. Under the circumstance of economic phosphorus application, the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer increased from 20.1% of two-season vegetable continuous cropping to 29.7% of that of vegetable-vegetable-rice rotation while the content of soil available phosphorus decreased from 55.2 mg L-1 of two-season vegetable continuous cropping- The rice-rice rotation of 41.6 mg L-1 was 75.4% at the time of harvesting the carrot and only 72.4% of the available phosphorus content in the basal soil. Therefore, the combination of vegetable-vegetable-rice rotation and economic phosphorus fertilizer is an effective method to increase the utilization of phosphate fertilizer and reduce the phosphorus accumulation in vegetable fields.