合成了一系列下缘含有杂原子的杯芳烃衍生物,其晶体结构和核磁研究证实杯芳烃以锥式构象存在,并且通过溶剂萃取法研究了它们对过渡金属和重金属的阳离子键合能力和选择性.实验结果表明:将氮、硫、磷等杂原子引入杯芳烃的下缘可以提高其对银、铅等重金属的萃取能力. A series of calixarene derivatives with heteroatoms on the lower edge were synthesized. The crystal structures and NMR studies confirmed the presence of calixarenes in conical conformations. Their ability to bond to transitional metals and heavy metals by solvent extraction was also studied The experimental results show that the introduction of nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus and other heteroatoms into the lower edge of calixarene can enhance its ability to extract heavy metals such as silver and lead.