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(一)被捕人数:“五四”运动爆发当天被捕的人数,当时的报界未能报道出确切的数字,5月5日北京《晨报》称10人,天津《益世报》称19人,上海《民国日报》称20余人。北京学生“五四”当天发给上海《申报》馆等团体的快邮代电中,也未报出确数,只称“逮捕学生十余人”。到5月6日,《晨报》始载:被捕学生之人数,确为32人,其中北京大学20人,高等师范8人,工业学校2人,中国大学1人,文汇大学1人。并列出了北大和高师28名学生的名单。这在当时,是关于“五四”被捕人数和人名最详细的记载。1919年8月出版的《青岛潮》一书,收录了《晨报》这一报道,并补充了《晨报》未详的其他4人的姓名。因此,史家在述及“五四”被捕人数和人名时普遍引用《青岛潮》,认乃“五四”被捕的32人,全系学生。这是通行的说法。但是“五四”被捕学生之一的许德珩,在其回忆录中,一直坚持被捕者只有31
(1) Arrests: The number of arrests on the day of the May Fourth Movement was not reported by the press at that time. On May 5, Beijing Morning Post called 10 people and Tianjin’s Yi Shi Bao said 19 People, Shanghai “Republic Daily” said more than 20 people. On the same day as the “May Fourth” Beijing Newspaper dispatched to the “Shenbao Newspaper Hall” in Shanghai, the number of express mail agencies in the postal service also failed to be reported as “exact arrests of more than 10 students.” By May 6, the Morning Post contained: The number of arrested students was indeed 32, including 20 from Peking University, 8 from higher education institutions, 2 from industrial schools, 1 from China University and 1 from Wenhui University. And lists the list of 28 students of Peking University and Teachers College. At that time, this was the most detailed record of the number of people arrested and the names of people in the “May 4th” plot. The book “Qingdao Tide”, published in August 1919, collected the Morning News article and supplemented the names of the other four persons not identified in the Morning Paper. Therefore, historians generally referred to “Qingdao Tide” in referring to the number of people arrested and names of the “May 4th” people. They regarded 32 people and all the students arrested in the May Fourth Movement. This is a common saying. However, Xu Deheng, one of the students arrested during the May Fourth Movement, insisted in his memoirs that only 31 people were arrested