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基于生产水足迹的视角,借鉴粮食生产虚拟水的算法(Aldaya&Llamas,2008),采纳灰水足迹的最新研究成果(2010),应用联合国粮农组织提供的CROPWAT软件,对吉林省玉米、水稻和大豆三种农作物在丰、平、枯条件下的生产虚拟水及其水足迹进行计算,并着重探讨了灰水问题。主要结论是:1)无论降水量多寡,玉米、水稻和大豆的生产虚拟水量均以绿水为主,且蓝水、绿水虚拟水量之和比全国均值低、比东北三省的均值高,具备提高水资源利用效率的空间;2)施用化肥产生的灰水足迹在总水足迹的比重较大,与“吉林省在东北地区面源污染贡献率高”的结论一致,增产百亿斤商品粮计划实施过程中,粮食安全和生态安全的“双赢”目标任重而道远。
Based on the perspective of the production water footprint and using the algorithm of food production for virtual water (Aldaya & Llamas, 2008), the latest research results of the gray water footprint (2010) were adopted. The CROPWAT software provided by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization The production of virtual water and its water footprint of crops under abundant, flat and dry conditions are calculated, and the gray water problem is discussed emphatically. The main conclusions are: 1) Regardless of the amount of precipitation, the production of virtual water of corn, rice and soybean are mainly green water, and the sum of the virtual water of blue water and green water is lower than the national average and higher than the average of the three provinces in Northeast China. Improve the utilization efficiency of water resources; 2) the proportion of gray water footprint generated by the application of fertilizers in the total water footprint is large, which agrees with the conclusion that “the contribution rate of non-point source pollution in Jilin Province in Northeast China is high” In the process of implementing the commodity grain plan, the goal of “win-win” in food security and ecological security has a long way to go.