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目的评价在南京市43所中小学教职工中开展控烟工作的效果,为中小学校有效开展校园控烟工作提供科学依据。方法对南京市中小学校的教职工进行基线调查后实行无烟学校创建和倡导教职工支持无烟政策等一系列控烟干预措施。1 a后采用与基线调查同样的问卷进行调查,比较干预前后调查对象的吸烟率、控烟知识掌握和吸烟相关信念持有情况。结果教职工干预前吸烟率为14.1%,干预后为13.6%,干预前后差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.261,P>0.05)。教职工重度吸烟者的比例干预前、后分别为6.3%和2.5%,干预后明显低于干预前(χ~2=5.634,P<0.05)。干预后教职工(46.1%)在学校吸过烟的比例远低于干预前(58.7%),干预后教职工(82.9%)不会在室内工作场所或公共场所吸烟者比例高于干预前(69.6%)(χ~2值分别为10.905,16.517,P值均<0.05)。控烟知识掌握和吸烟相关信念持有情况,干预后的知晓或持有率高于干预前;教职工在学校参加过控烟政策培训的参与率干预后(66.9%)高于干预前(48.8%)(χ~2=167.778,P<0.01)。结论控烟干预工作可以提高教职工知识知晓率,吸烟态度以及吸烟场所也有所改变,但对吸烟率的影响效果不明显。需加大对具体控烟措施的执行和监督力度,以达到控烟的目的。
Objective To evaluate the effect of tobacco control work among 43 primary and secondary school teachers in Nanjing and provide a scientific basis for primary and secondary schools to effectively carry out tobacco control on campus. Methods A series of tobacco control interventions, such as creating a smoke-free school and advocating the support of faculty and staff to support smoke-free policies, were carried out after conducting baseline surveys on staff in primary and secondary schools in Nanjing. After a year, the same questionnaire as the baseline survey was used to investigate the prevalence of smoking among the respondents before and after the intervention, knowledge of tobacco control and the status of tobacco-related beliefs. Results Before the intervention, the smoking rate was 14.1% and 13.6% after intervention. There was no significant difference between before and after intervention (χ ~ 2 = 0.261, P> 0.05). The proportions of heavy smokers in teaching staff were 6.3% and 2.5% respectively before and after intervention, and were significantly lower than those before intervention (χ ~ 2 = 5.634, P <0.05). After intervention, the percentage of staff (46.1%) smoking in school was far lower than that before intervention (58.7%). After the intervention, the percentage of staff (82.9%) who did not smoke in the indoor work place or in public places was higher than that before intervention 69.6%) (χ ~ 2 values were 10.905,16.517, P values were <0.05). (66.9%) were higher than those before the intervention (48.8%) after the participation of teachers and students in tobacco control training in schools was significantly higher than that before the intervention (χ ~ 2 = 167.778, P <0.01). Conclusion Tobacco control interventions can improve knowledge of staff awareness, smoking attitude and place of smoking also changed, but the effect of smoking rate is not obvious. Intensify the implementation and supervision of specific tobacco control measures in order to achieve the purpose of tobacco control.