本文对竖炉治炼攀枝花球团的海绵铁在冷却过程中渗碳问题作了简单的热力学分析。重点研究了以CO为渗碳剂时,竖炉两种冷却方式（大循环和小循环）的渗碳特点,以及各种因素:温度、气相成分,时间和气体流速对海绵铁渗碳的影响。在此基础上提出了控制海绵铁渗碳的一些意见,并推荐了小环循的渗碳工艺参数。 In this paper, a simple thermodynamic analysis of carburizing during the cooling process of sponge iron from the shaft furnace of Panzhihua pellets was made. This paper focuses on the carburizing characteristics of two cooling modes (large and small cycles) of shaft furnace with CO as the carburizing agent, as well as various factors such as the influence of temperature, gas phase composition, time and gas flow rate on the carburization of sponge iron . On this basis, put forward some opinions on controlling the carburizing of sponge iron, and recommend the carburizing process parameters of small loop.