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目的分析2010—2014年新疆精河县流行性腮腺炎疫情,了解并掌握其发病水平和流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用中国疾病预防控制信息系统统计数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析2010—2014年精河县流行性腮腺炎的流行特征及其时间、性别、年龄、职业和地区的分布情况。结果 2010—2014年精河县共报告流行性腮腺炎病例619例,无死亡病例,年均报告发病率84.65/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=547.45,P<0.001);男女发病比1.44∶1,不同性别发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.50,P<0.001);5月为发病高峰,占发病总数的18.90%;发病主要年龄组为0~14岁儿童,占发病总数的92.89%;以学生、托幼儿童居多,分别占病例总数的58.97%和25.36%;精河县7个乡(镇)均有病例报告,发病居前三位的地区依次为精河镇、大河沿子镇、茫丁乡,分别占报告病例总数的32.79%、23.91%和19.71%。结论精河县应提高疫苗免疫覆盖率,进一步做好常规疫苗查漏补种及入学查验预防接种证工作;在重要地区针对重点人群加强流行性腮腺炎疫情的监测和预警分析;加大健康教育力度,对学校和托幼机构暴发的疫情及时发现、及早处置。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of mumps in Jinghe County of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2014, understand and grasp the incidence and epidemic characteristics of mumps, and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps and the distribution of time, sex, age, occupation and area in Jinghe County from 2010 to 2014 according to the statistics of China’s disease prevention and control information system. Results A total of 619 cases of mumps were reported in Jinghe County from 2010 to 2014, with no deaths and an average annual incidence of 84.65 / 100 000. There was significant difference in incidence between years (χ2 = 547.45, P <0.001) ; Incidence of male to female ratio was 1.44: 1, the incidence of different gender was statistically significant (χ2 = 14.50, P <0.001); peaked in May, accounting for 18.90% of the total incidence; incidence of major age group 0-14 years old children , Accounting for 92.89% of the total number of cases; most of them were students and child care children, accounting for 58.97% and 25.36% of the total cases, respectively; and 7 townships (towns) in Jinghe County reported cases with the top three incidences being Jinghe Town, Daheyanzi Town, and Minding Township account for 32.79%, 23.91% and 19.71% of the total reported cases, respectively. Conclusions Jinghe County should increase vaccination coverage rate, further improve routine vaccination and vaccination certificate, strengthen monitoring and early warning analysis of epidemic situation of mumps in key population, and strengthen health education Efforts will be made to promptly discover and dispose of the epidemic outbreaks in schools and nurseries.