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目的建立弥漫性泛细支气管炎动物模型,以探讨其发病机制。方法33只6～8周龄、体重(200±25)g的雄性SD大鼠,按随即数字表法分为模型组(23只)和对照组(10只)。将包被铜绿假单胞菌的硅胶管置入模型组大鼠一侧支气管;对照组同法置入无菌硅胶管,饲养60d后观察其肺部的病理改变。结果模型组SD大鼠置入包被铜绿假单胞菌的硅胶管后,肉眼观21只两肺表面出现均匀分布的淡黄色或灰白色小结节,切面可见以细支气管为中心广泛分布的结节,偶见细支气管扩张;2只(8.7%)出现多发性肺脓肿。对照组大鼠肺肉眼观未见明显异常。光学显微镜下模型组大鼠肺组织可见弥漫性泛细支气管炎的特征性病理改变,表现为两肺弥漫分布的以细支气管为中心的细支气管炎及细支气管周围炎,管壁周围有大量的淋巴细胞、浆细胞及组织细胞等炎症细胞浸润,伴有支气管相关淋巴组织增生和细支气管周围出现数量不等的泡沫细胞;细支气管壁增厚、管腔狭窄和闭塞,偶伴有肺动脉壁增厚、管腔扩大。对照组大鼠各级支气管结构正常,黏膜上皮结构完整,伴行肺血管管壁无增厚,肺泡结构完整,肺泡壁菲薄,肺泡腔内无渗出,置管处的支气管旁偶见淋巴细胞浸润。结论SD大鼠人工感染铜绿假单胞菌可以成功地建立弥漫性泛细支气管炎动物模型。
Objective To establish an animal model of diffuse panbronchiolitis to explore its pathogenesis. Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 200 ± 25 g were randomly divided into model group (n = 23) and control group (n = 10) according to the digital table method. Silicone tube coated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was placed in bronchus on the side of model rats. The control group was placed in a sterile silicone tube with the same method, and the pathological changes of the lungs were observed 60 days after feeding. Results After the SD rats were injected with silicone tube coated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the nodules with light yellow or gray uniform distribution on the surface of 21 lungs appeared in the naked eye. The nodules widely distributed around the bronchioles Festival, occasionally fine bronchiectasis; 2 (8.7%) appeared multiple pulmonary abscess. There was no obvious abnormality in the lung of the control group rats. Under the light microscope, the characteristic pathological changes of diffuse panbronchiolitis were observed in the lung tissue of the model group, showing bronchiole bronchitis and bronchiole surrounding the bronchioles diffusely distributed in the two lungs. A large amount of Lymphocytes, plasma cells and tissue cells infiltration of inflammatory cells, accompanied by bronchial lymphoid hyperplasia and bronchial cells around the number of varying amounts of foam cells; bronchial wall thickening, stenosis and occlusion of the lumen, accompanied by increased pulmonary artery wall Thick, lumen enlarged. Bronchial structure was normal in all the rats in the control group, mucosal epithelial structure was intact, there was no thickened pulmonary vascular wall, the alveolar structure was intact, the alveolar wall was meager and there was no exudation in the alveolar cavity. infiltration. Conclusion Artificial infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in SD rats can establish an animal model of diffuse panbronchiolitis.