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为了解山西小麦品质现状并且为今后山西小麦育种提供材料和依据,利用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)方法分析123份山西小麦品种资源高分子量谷蛋白亚基(High molecular weight glutenin subunits,HMW-GS)的组成。结果表明:在123份供试材料中,共检测出18种HMW-GS,其中Glu-A1位点上有1、2*和Null共3种,Glu-B1位点上有7+8、7+9、7、6+8、17+18、14+15、20、13+16和13+19共9种,Glu-D1位点上有2+12、5+10、5+12、2+10、3+12和4+12共6种;亚基Null、7+8和2+12在各自位点上出现频率最高,分别为78.05%、60.16%和65.85%。亚基组合类型共34种,主要是Null/7+8/2+12,占45.53%,其次是Null/7+9/2+12,占12.20%,优良亚基组合类型1/7+8/5+10与1/17+18/5+10相当缺乏。育成品种与地方品种比较分析发现,在Glu-A1位点上优良亚基1提高14.16%;Glu-B1位点上7+8下降9.05%;Glu-D1位点上5+10在地方品种中没有出现,但在育成品种中达14.89%。同时筛选出10份得9和10分的优质品种资源,还有12份含稀有亚基的品种资源,可作为山西今后小麦品质育种的亲本材料。
In order to understand the status quo of Shanxi wheat quality and to provide material and basis for future wheat breeding in Shanxi Province, 123 samples of Shanxi wheat cultivars were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) composition. The results showed that among the 123 tested materials, 18 HMW-GS were detected, including 1, 2 * and Null at Glu-A1 and 7 + 8, 7 at Glu- 9, 9, 6, 8, 17 + 18, 14 + 15, 20, 13 + 16 and 13 + 19. There are 2 + 12,5 + 10,5 + 12,2 + 10, 3 + 12 and 4 + 12. The subunits Null, 7 + 8 and 2 + 12 appeared the highest frequencies at their respective loci, which were 78.05%, 60.16% and 65.85% respectively. There were 34 types of subunit combinations, mainly Null / 7 + 8/2 + 12, accounting for 45.53%, followed by Null / 7 + 9/2 +12, accounting for 12.20% / 5 + 10 and 1/17 + 18/5 + 10 quite lacking. The results showed that superior subunit 1 increased 14.16% at Glu-A1 locus, decreased 9.05% at 7 + 8 loci at Glu-B1 loci and 5 + 10 loci at Glu-D1 loci in local cultivars Did not appear, but up to 14.89% in bred varieties. At the same time, 10 high-quality germplasm resources of 9 and 10 were screened, and 12 cultivars with rare subunits were also selected as the parent materials for future wheat quality breeding in Shanxi.