目的 :研究脑胶质瘤发生、演化及预后与P16、P15蛋白表达的关系。方法 :采用免疫组织化学技术对 45例石蜡标本中P16、P15蛋白进行了检测。结果 :Ⅲ～Ⅳ级胶质瘤中P16、P15蛋白表达阴性率 (6 0 %、6 5 % )高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ级 (2 8%、2 0 % ) ,P <0 .0 5、P <0 .0 1。 结论 :胶质瘤发生、演化及恶性程度可能与P16、P15蛋白阴性表达有关 ;P16、P15蛋白阴性表达在一定程度上反映了胶质瘤细胞的恶性生物学行为。 Objective: To study the relationship between the occurrence, evolution and prognosis of gliomas and the expression of P16 and P15 proteins. Methods: Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect P16 and P15 in 45 paraffin specimens. Results: The negative rates of P16 and P15 in grade Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ gliomas were higher than those in grades Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ (60%, 20%), P <0.05, P <0.05 <0 .0 1. Conclusion: The occurrence, evolution and malignancy of glioma may be related to the negative expression of P16 and P15 protein. The negative expression of P16 and P15 protein may reflect the malignant behavior of glioma cells to a certain extent.