“唯物史观”或“历史唯物主义”已经成为当代思想界讨论最多、分歧最大,甚至可以说说法最混乱的议题之一。在相当多的论者那里,其已经脱离了其创立者——马克思、恩格斯及其阐释载体——那些蕴涵深邃但非常散乱的文本,独立而抽象地成为一种可以随意掺杂、涵摄和剔除任何内容的“大口袋”或“大熔炉”。有鉴于此,回到马克思的文本序列中,追溯其不同阶段的思想运演、具体阐发和论证逻辑,是比原理性的表述更为“鲜活”的思想史佐证、评判依据和发展基础。本文详细梳理了《德意志意识形态.费尔巴哈》中“未誊清稿Ⅰ”对这一问题的论述,从中可以展示出历史唯物主义宽广的理论视野和鲜明的现实旨归。 “Historical Materialism” or “Historical Materialism” has become one of the most discussed, disagreements and even the most confusing topics in contemporary intellectual circles. For a considerable number of theorists, it has departed from its founders, Marx and Engels, and their explanation carriers, which contain deep but very messy texts that independently and abstractly become a form that can be freely mixed, Exclude anything from “big pocket” or “melting pot”. In view of this, back to Marx’s text sequence, tracing its different stages of the operation of thinking, specific elucidation and demonstration of logic, is more than the principle of the expression of “vivid” ideological history of evidence, evaluation basis and development basis. This paper details the discussion of this issue in “The Ideology of Germany. Feuerbach” in “The Unfinished Manuscript I”, from which we can show the broad theoretical horizon and the distinct real purpose of historical materialism.