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目的了解自愿戒毒人群在吸毒期间HIV、HCV和梅毒感染情况和影响感染的因素,为该人群戒毒用药、健康追踪、行为干预、艾滋病、性病、丙型肝炎防护知识宣传等提供科学指导和比对材料。方法对泸州市2007年自愿接受美沙酮替代治疗的吸毒人员进行HIV、HCV和梅毒血清抗体检测和相关情况调查,并对调查情况进行分析。结果350名自愿戒毒人员中,检出HIV感染15例,感染率为4.28%;HCV感染275例,感染率78.57%;梅毒感染24例,感染率6.86%。304名静脉注射吸毒者HIV感染15例,感染率4.93%,HCV感染265例,感染率87.17%,梅毒感染21例,感染率6.91%。46名非静脉注射吸毒者无HIV感染,HCV感染10例,感染率21.74%,梅毒感染3例,感染率6.52%。静脉注射吸毒者HCV感染率高于非注射方式吸毒者(χ2=101.598,P=0.000)。结论泸州市自愿戒毒人群中HIV、梅毒感染率低于国家同类人群平均水平,HCV感染率高于全国肝炎流行病学调查人群平均水平。静脉注射吸毒和共用针具是导致HIV、HCV传播的高危因素。吸毒人群由HCV感染引起的肝病可能成为危害身体健康的另一重要因素。
Objectives To understand the prevalence of HIV, HCV and syphilis infections and the factors affecting infection among drug addicts during voluntary drug addiction and to provide scientific guidance and comparison for drug abuse control, health tracing, behavioral intervention, AIDS, STD and hepatitis C protection material. Methods The detection of HIV, HCV and syphilis serum antibodies among drug addicts voluntarily receiving methadone replacement therapy in Luzhou City in 2007 and the related investigation were carried out. The investigation was also analyzed. Results Of the 350 volunteers, 15 cases of HIV infection were detected, the infection rate was 4.28%. HCV infection was 275 cases, the infection rate was 78.57%. Syphilis infection was 24 cases and the infection rate was 6.86%. Of the 304 intravenous drug users, 15 were infected with HIV, the infection rate was 4.93%, and 265 were HCV infection. The infection rate was 87.17%. Syphilis infection was 21 and the infection rate was 6.91%. 46 non-intravenous drug users without HIV infection, HCV infection in 10 cases, the infection rate of 21.74%, syphilis infection in 3 cases, the infection rate of 6.52%. The HCV infection rate of intravenous drug users was higher than that of non-injecting drug users (χ2 = 101.598, P = 0.000). Conclusion The prevalence of HIV and syphilis in voluntary drug users in Luzhou City is lower than the national average for the same population, and the HCV infection rate is higher than the average level of the national hepatitis epidemiological survey population. Intravenous drug abuse and sharing needles are the risk factors for HIV and HCV transmission. Liver-related diseases caused by HCV infection among drug users may be another important risk factor for health.